Nutrient stimulation is considered effective for improving biogenic coalbed methane production potential. However, our knowledge of the microbial assembly process for profuse and rare microbial communities in coals under nutrient stimulation is still limited. This study collected 16S rRNA gene data from 59 microbial communities in coals for a meta-analysis. Among these communities, 116 genera were identified as profuse taxa, and the remaining 1,637 genera were identified as rare taxa. Nutrient stimulation increased the Chao1 richness of profuse and rare genera and changed the compositions of profuse and rare genera based on nonmetric multidimensional scaling with Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. In addition, many profuse and rare genera belonging to Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria were reduced, whereas those belonging to Euryarchaeota and Firmicutes were increased under nutrient stimulation. Concomitantly, the microbial co-occurrence relationship network was also altered by nutrient addition, and many rare genera mainly belonging to Firmicutes, 

Nutrients Changed the Assembly Processes of Profuse and Rare Microbial Communities in Coals.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most devastating disease affecting beef and dairy cattle producers in North America. An emerging area of interest is the respiratory microbiome's relationship with BRD. However, results regarding the effect of BRD on respiratory microbiome diversity are conflicting.
To examine the effect of BRD on the alpha diversity of the respiratory microbiome, a meta-analysis analyzing the relationship between the standardized mean difference (SMD) of three alpha diversity metrics (Shannon's Diversity Index (Shannon), Chao1, and Observed features (OTUs, ASVs, species, and reads) and BRD was conducted. Our multi-level model found no difference in Chao1 and Observed features SMDs between calves with BRD and controls. The Shannon SMD was significantly greater in controls compared to that in calves with BRD. Furthermore, we re-analyzed 16S amplicon sequencing data from four previously published datasets to investigate BRD's effect on individual taxa abundances. Additionally, based on Bray Curtis and Jaccard distances, health status, sampling location, and dataset were all significant sources of variation. Using a consensus approach based on RandomForest, DESeq2, and ANCOM-BC2, we identified three differentially abundant amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) within the nasal cavity, ASV5_
Our results confirm a relationship between bovine respiratory disease and respiratory microbiome diversity and composition, which provide additional insight into microbial community dynamics during BRD development. Furthermore, as sampling location and sample processing (dataset) can also affect results, consideration should be taken when comparing results across studies.

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