Prevalence of bovine Babesia spp., Anaplasma marginale, and their co-infections in Latin America: Systematic review-meta-analysis.

Abstract

Bovine parasitic sadness, comprised of the diseases babesiosis and anaplasmosis, has a large impact on cattle farming in several countries, as it compromises animal productivity. Using systematic review (SR)-meta-analysis (MA) methodology, our objective was to summarize and to investigate study characteristics associated with prevalence of Babesia spp. and Anaplasma marginale infection in Latin American cattle herds. Five electronic databases were used. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed the prevalence of Babesia spp. and A. marginale in cattle in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Colombia, and Mexico. The reported prevalences were converted to logistic scale and summarized using random effects MA. The heterogeneity was assessed, separately, for papers from Brazil and from the remaining countries. A total of 28 papers were included in this MA with a high heterogeneity (I

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