Effect of Coffee Consumption on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Incidence, Prevalence and Risk of Significant Liver Fibrosis: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
NAFLD patients
Coffee consumption
Highest vs. lowest level of coffee consumption
Incidence, prevalence, and risk of significant liver fibrosis
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Given the anti-fibrotic and antioxidant properties of coffee, this systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide updated results on the impact of coffee consumption on NAFLD incidence, prevalence, and risk of significant liver fibrosis. We conducted a comprehensive search in MEDLINE (OvidSP) and Scopus from January 2010 through January 2021. Relative risks for the highest versus the lowest level of coffee consumption were pooled using random-effects models. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated using the Higgins' Eleven articles consisting of two case-control studies, eight cross-sectional studies, and one prospective cohort study were included in the meta-analysis. Of those, three studies with 92,075 subjects were included in the analysis for NAFLD incidence, eight studies with 9558 subjects for NAFLD prevalence, and five with 4303 subjects were used for the analysis of liver fibrosis. There was no association between coffee consumption and NAFLD incidence (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.63-1.25, This meta-analysis supports the protective role of coffee consumption on significant liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. However, the threshold of coffee consumption to achieve hepatoprotective effects needs to be established in prospective trials.