Quantitative relationships between ingested and intestinal flows of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids, body weight and milk performance in mid-lactation dairy cows.
dairy cows
revision of French feed unit systems
control diets, milk fat depression diets
ingested and intestinal flows of LA and ALA, BW and milk performance
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) are essential fatty acids found in variable quantities in ruminant feedstuffs. Revision of French feed unit systems in 2018 has proposed the reassessment of energy requirements through a between-experiment approach expressing metabolisable energy supply as a function of the energy expenditures for maintenance and production, with these expenditures that reflect homeorhetic regulations. Based on the same approach, LA and ALA intake can be related to animal characteristics (i.e., BW) reflecting maintenance expenditures and secretion characteristics (i.e., milk yield, milk fat content and contents of LA and ALA in milk fat). Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyse the between-experiment relationships between ingested, duodenal, or absorbed flows of LA and ALA, BW and milk LA and ALA secretion by meta-analysis in mid-lactation dairy cows. These relationships were analysed using LA and ALA subsets of 96 and 99 experiments, respectively. Between-experiment regressions of daily flows of ingested, duodenal or absorbed LA and ALA on BW and milk LA and ALA flows were studied, with statistical unit defined as the mean of within-experiment treatments. For LA, the BW-associated coefficient was 0.019 (±0.0034) g absorbed LA/d per kg BW and milk LA secretion-associated coefficient was 0.70 (±0.081) g absorbed LA/g of LA secreted into milk. For ALA, the BW-associated coefficient was 0.0058 (±0.00093) g absorbed ALA/d per kg BW and milk ALA secretion-associated coefficient was 0.57 (±0.097) g absorbed ALA/g of ALA secreted into milk. When coding the diets as either control or milk fat depression diets, the BW-associated coefficient for LA was 0.017 (±0.0032) g absorbed LA/d per kg BW for both diets. For milk fat depression diets, milk LA secretion-associated coefficient was 1.02 (±0.119) g absorbed LA/g of LA secreted into milk, whereas it was 0.70 (±0.075) g absorbed LA/g of LA secreted into milk for control diets. Significant BW and milk performance coefficients were obtained in all LA and ALA equations, allowing the calculation of ingested and intestinal flows of LA and ALA based on measured BW, milk fat yield and milk fat content of LA and ALA. The relationships between ingested and intestinal flows of LA and ALA, BW and milk performance obtained in the present work could be integrated into renewed feed unit systems for energy and protein in dairy cows.